Formaldehyde - A Bad Chemical Being Phased Out

Beginning in January 2009, the California Air Resources Board will begin phasing out formaldehyde from being used in the manufacture of fiberboard, plywood and other products prominently used in the making of office furniture.

According to the press release 08-90: "All businesses that manufacture, sell, use or supply composite-wood products to California will be subject to aspects of the regulations. These businesses include panel manufacturers, importers, distributors, retailers, and fabricators of finished goods. Only composite-wood products that meet the standards may be used in the fabrication of finished goods, such as furniture, cabinets, etc. once the sell-through provisions expire. The regulation allows for current stocks of non-compliant composite-wood inventories to be sold for a period of time in California."

"The regulations are expected to increase the cost of four foot by eight foot panels by one to two dollars but they will dramatically reduce the public's exposure to this carcinogen. Phase-one will cut formaldehyde emissions by 180 tons-per-year and phase-two another 500 tons-per-year." Phase 2 will be phased in by 2012.

This may have a big impact on furniture imported from Asia, as these regulations will be the most strictly in existence.

Photo of medium density fiberboard from Wikipedia. I also told about how fiberboard is used in the construction of wood and laminate furniture in my previous post Laminate or Wood Furniture - What is the Difference?

SRK

Remanufactured Furniture

A Wall Street Journal Article titled "In With The Old", details the process of reconstruction as a green solution to both customers and producers. Furniture is featured prominently in the article.

The article describes three main processes that are encompassed by the term reconstruction: recycling, refurbishing and remanufacturing.

Recycling is breaking down products into their various components and then reconstituting them into another or similar product.

Refurbishing takes an existing product and restores it to its original condition.

Remanufacturing is like refurbishing but it aims to make the product better than the original. In the case of cubicles for instance it may add updated fabrics, finishes or features not in the original.

This process is very common the cubicle world. My experience is that the customer would save 25 to 40 percent over similar new product.

SRK

Fight Terrorism While Buying Cubicles

The U.S. is under severe pressure to reduce its dependence on foreign oil. This isn't just to keep prices down at the pump. It directly affects world politics with regard to the support of terrorism by Islamic Fundamentalists like Al Qaeda and the Taliban. Every time we buy oil from the Saudi's, we are shipping money to them. They in turn fund these groups by financing Islamic fundamentalist madrassas (schools) in Pakistan and Afghanistan. Many of these schools are where young people are taught the fundamentalist teachings which later make them more likely to join these terrorist organizations.

These ideas are outlined in great detail in the books Hot, Flat and Crowded by Thomas Friedman and Three Cups of Tea by Greg Mortenson and Oliver Relin.

As Americans, every purchase we make has an effect on the world. If you want to choke off the supply of money going to these organizations, the best thing you can do is buy items that use as little petroleum in their transport and manufacture as possible.

Most office furniture these days is manufactured off-shore, primarily in China. The manufacturing process alone is petroleum intensive. But the transportation of those items to the U.S., is also petroleum based.

By purchasing previously-used furniture locally, you can eliminate almost all of the petroleum consumption. Another option is to purchase locally refurbished product, eliminating the long-haul transportation and most manufacturing.

One new line of furniture, GQA Furniture, is produced from over ninety percent repurposed content. Cubicles are recovered with fabric made from recycled plastic bottles. Pedestals and all other metal are repainted using water-based environmentally sound painting practices. Worksurfaces are used surfaces that are turned upside-down and re-laminated. They are then edged with polypropylene edge banding. All the work is done locally to reduce transportation costs. Right now GQA is just being rolled out in Northern California, with plans to expand to the larger market soon.

Whoever thought you could be a Patriot while buying a cubicle?

SRK

LEED - Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

LEED is a set of standards originally intended to promote the use of environmentally progressive and sustainable techniques in construction. As it applies to furniture, there is no clear standard at this time although it appears that several of the larger furniture manufacturers are doing their best to get specs written around their products.

In its pure form, LEED would have encouraged, the reuse and reworking of materials for the lowest possible impact on the resources of the planet. Of course it is very difficult for large manufacturers of building materials and furniture to produce what they are used to producing, when they are told not to produce it.

Instead, as I did a cursory examination of the specs as they evolved from one version to the next, I see more things getting LEED credits (More credits, higher score) for things like limiting off-gassing and 5% Resource Reuse. For instance, in LEED-NC Version 2.1, you get 1 point for 5% resource reuse and another for 10% resource reuse, but not a single point more for 100% resource reuse. So someone making a chair using 100% recycled materials would get the same credit for these items as someone making a chair with only the arms being from recycled content.

In the end, I suspect that one will have to have a high LEED score to be considered for large government and commercial projects. To get the high LEED score, one will have to submit their products to some certified provider who will charge an outrageous sum to provide the certification. Then the 10% recycled chair will have a LEED score, while a used chair from a local supplier will not. The small local supplier will not be able to afford the certification. So the 10% chair will win the bid and the used chair will go to the dump.

Probably not what LEED was originally intended to do. With a few tweaks I think LEED could be a powerful force in reducing our countries dependence on foreign oil while helping green the planet. By encouraging the re-use of materials more local labor will be employed, keeping U.S. dollars at home. The impact on our environment in both the reduction of waste and off-gassing could be substantial. Hopefully LEED will be reworked to give even more points for higher percentages of re-used content.

SRK

Green Furniture - What does that mean?

What do people mean when they say furniture is green? I am not talking about the color. I mean the green as in earth-friendly. To me, the most green solution is re-using furniture, that is bought locally. See my post about New vs. Used Furniture. Let's look at the shades of green.

If you want green, you also should look at where and how new items are made. An item made in China, under lower controls on pollution and waste produced is also shipped thousands of miles before it reaches its final location in the U.S. There are many products manufactured primarily in the U.S., but they often cost more because of the
extra restrictions and higher labor costs.

Lot's of manufacturers of new furniture tout their sustainability and green credentials. But basically, if something is manufactured and transported, it burns energy and probably consumes other resources. There are some nice efforts to make items from recycled products, like TerraTex a fabric made from 100% recycled materials.

Other strategies include making a product recyclable. But in this case, the onus is on the purchaser to properly dispose of the product at the end of its life or usefulness. Often, breaking an item down into it's recyclable elements costs more than it is worth.

In my opinion, the greenest solution is to reuse, purchasing from a local source. This means finding good quality used furniture. A close second is locally remanufactured furniture using as much used content as possible. Remanufactured furniture takes used and spruces it up to make it have most of the characteristics of new. Kind of like a certified pre-owned car.


Scott R. Kline
Smart Interiors, Inc.